Compilation Errors: 'fatal error: 'stdlib.h' file not found'

Interfaces RStan
1 
Error in compileCode(f, code, language = language, verbose = verbose) : 
  Compilation ERROR, function(s)/method(s) not created! In file included from file7978320d1ae5.cpp:8:
In file included from /Users/rchan/Library/R/3.5/library/StanHeaders/include/src/stan/model/model_header.hpp:4:

In file included from /Users/rchan/Library/R/3.5/library/StanHeaders/include/stan/math.hpp:4:

In file included from /Users/rchan/Library/R/3.5/library/StanHeaders/include/stan/math/rev/mat.hpp:4:

In file included from /Users/rchan/Library/R/3.5/library/StanHeaders/include/stan/math/rev/core.hpp:4:

In file included from /Users/rchan/Library/R/3.5/library/StanHeaders/include/stan/math/rev/core/autodiffstackstorage.hpp:4:

In file included from /Users/rchan/Library/R/3.5/library/StanHeaders/include/stan/math/memory/stack_alloc.hpp:8:

In file included from /usr/local/clang4/bin/../include/c++/v1/cstdlib:86:

/usr/local/clang4/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdlib.h:94:15: fatal error: 'stdlib.h' file not found

#include_next <stdlib.h>

In addition: Warning message:
In system(cmd, intern = !verbose) :

Error in sink(type = "output") : invalid connection

This is my makevars file in R:

            #The following statements are required to use the clang4 binary
			CC=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang
			CXX=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang++
			CXX1X=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang++
			CXX98=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang++
			CXX11=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang++
			CXX14=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang++
			CXX17=/usr/local/clang4/bin/clang++
			LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/clang4/lib
			# End clang4 inclusion statements

I’ve read other threads on this and I’ve tried to use the following in the terminal

$  xcode-select --install

and got the following

xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates

And also tried to redownload it from the apple developers website but both failed.

2

What happens if you run the following command?:

ls /usr/local/clang4
3

One or more of the things listed here is probably applicable.

4

I get:

bin	include	lib	libexec	share
5

Step 2 worked here thanks! I just used:

sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /
6

Glad you got things running, but I do have a suspicion that you have two clang installations: a partially broken one with a clang executable in /usr/local/clang4/bin, and a working one with a clang executable in /usr/bin. You may be inadvertently using pieces from both installations, which could cause problems later.

7

Do you know how I can fix this?

8

Hard to say. I don’t know if you manually installed clang under /usr/local/clang4 yourself, or if that installation was a byproduct of installing something else.

For now, since things seem to be working, I wouldn’t uninstall anything yet, but I would keep an eye on compiler warnings and see if anything looked fishy.

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