Hi, sorry we took so long to get to your inquiry.
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Indeed the pairs plot looks fishy and might be a cause for pathological geometry. Indeed “uneven” density can be problematic - see Mike’s case study for a more in-depth description, if you haven’t already (https://betanalpha.github.io/assets/case_studies/identifiability.html)
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I’ve found a slightly obscure reference that has a formula for scaling the Weibull (http://www.math.wm.edu/~leemis/chart/UDR/PDFs/WeibullS.pdf). If I understand it correctly their parametrization is a bit different - they use \alpha, \beta and I think (please check my calculations) that it relates to Stan’s parameterization (I’ll note it as \alpha_{stan}, \sigma) so that:
They then show that if Y \sim \mathrm{Weibull}(\alpha, \beta) and Y = kX we have Y \sim \mathrm{Weibull}(\alpha k ^ \beta, \beta)
Transforming for the Stan parametrization we get Y \sim \mathrm{Weibull_{stan}}(\alpha_{stan}, k\sigma). So I think you should be safe scaling your Weibull (but please, check my calculations) and I would expect it to help - at least with this part of the model.
Best of luck with your model!
(also, I enjoyed your StanCon presentation, cool work)