OK - I thought I was misunderstanding the differences between these two, but given your response this might be a bug.
If you look closely, the two samples do not match. The mean for beta[4] in the first one is outside of the interval for the second. The mean for beta[1] on the first is very close to the edge of the interval for the second. With an effective size ~800, there should not be this large of a difference.
For reference, the ~normal() notation gives the same results as rstanarm::stan_glm().
My setup:
Linux 4.15.7
gcc 7.3.0
cmdstan 2.17.1
R 3.4.3
rstan 2.17.3